Disc Replacement (Arthroplasty) Spine Surgery

Candidates for a Disc Replacement (Arthroplasty)

Age, genetics and everyday wear and tear can play a role in the deterioration of a patient’s discs, known as degenerative disc disease. Injury can also lead to disc damage and herniation. Patients experiencing symptoms of pain, weakness and numbness that can radiate through their shoulders, arms and legs may be candidates for a Disc Replacement or Arthroplasty procedure.

Physicians will generally recommend non-surgical treatments prior to opting for surgery. If physical therapy, injections or other non-surgical treatments are ineffective, arthroplasty may be recommended. Ideal candidates are younger patients suffering from damage to a single disc and maintain normal spinal motion.

What is a Disc Replacement (Arthroplasty)?

A Disc Replacement procedure removes the damaged disc causing pain and replaces it with an artificial one. The artificial disc is inserted in the open space between the vertebrae to decompress nerves and maintain the spine’s natural movement.

The artificial disc is designed to support the surrounding vertebrae and promote a normal range of motion. Typically, the artificial disc is comprised of two endplates sliding on a central piece and is made of titanium, cobalt, polyethylene or polyurethane.

In a Disc Replacement or Arthroplasty procedure, the surgeon will make an incision to expose the affected area of the spine. The surgeon is assisted by x-ray imaging to verify placement. With an operating microscope, the surgeon will perform a Discectomy to remove the damaged disc and replace it with the artificial one. The incision is then closed with sutures.

Results of a Disc Replacement (Arthroplasty) Procedure

With all surgeries, recovery will take time. Recovering from an Arthroplasty procedure will likely involve some discomfort, which can be subsided with pain medications. Mobility will also be limited for about four to six weeks following the procedure. Activities involving no to low impact should slowly be resumed as the patient and physician feel comfortable. Physical therapy may also be recommended.

A four to six-week post-op appointment will usually be scheduled to check on the patient’s healing. X-rays will be taken to make sure the bones are healing properly. After this, the surgeon may discuss engaging in more strenuous activities. Once healed, the patient should feel relief from his or her symptoms and be able to make a full recovery from surgery.

What are the risks of a Disc Replacement (Arthroplasty)?

As with all surgeries, risks are ever-present. Possible complications of an Arthroplasty include infection surrounding the prosthesis, malfunction of the prosthesis, nerve damage, bleeding or blood clots. Risks specific to a patient’s conditions may be present and should be discussed with the surgeon prior to operating.