Myelopathy

 
 
 

What is Myelopathy?

Myelopathy is a painful condition that occurs when a nerve within the spinal cord becomes compressed or pinched. The compression may result from trauma, disc herniation, or degenerative disease. There are three categories of myelopathy, and diagnosis depends on the area of the spine that is affected:

  • Cervical - The upper spine or neck

  • Thoracic - The middle portion

  • Lumbar - The lower spine

Myelopathy is a chronic medical condition that requires proper diagnosis and treatment. While there is no specific cure for this condition, various forms of therapy, medication management and surgical intervention can alleviate symptoms or delay progression.

What Are the Symptoms of Myelopathy?

The initial symptoms of myelopathy may be subtle or significant. Symptoms of myelopathy include:

  • Issues with coordination and balance

  • Neck, arm, or leg pain

  • Change in fine motor skills

  • Difficulty walking
    Tingling, numbness or weakening in the extremities (the hands, feet, arms or legs)

  • Back pain or pain radiating from the neck

  • The development of abnormal reflexes in the extremities

  • Loss of control over bowel movements or urination

The type of symptoms present depends on the type of spinal myelopathy a person has. For example, neck and arm symptoms are more likely to occur in cases of cervical myelopathy, while lumbar myelopathy causes more symptoms within the lower extremities.

What Causes Myelopathy?

While aging can make people more susceptible to developing myelopathy, several other causes exist. Some of the most common reasons for myelopathy include:

  • Traumatic injury to the spine

  • Spinal stenosis or other degenerative spinal conditions

  • Rheumatoid arthritis

  • Herniated discs

  • Neurological disorder

  • Tumors, cysts, hernias and additional abnormalities

  • Radiation therapy

  • Infection

  • Neurological disorders

In addition, smoking, alcohol use and obesity are lifestyle factors associated with the development of myelopathy. Participation in high-impact sports or those who work in occupations that put stress on the lower back are at a greater risk of spinal injury, as well.

How Is Myelopathy Diagnosed and Treated?

For an accurate diagnosis, your healthcare provider will assess your medical history and perform a series of tests and physical examinations to rule out other conditions. Tests in this examination may include:

  • Imaging tests (X-rays, CT scans or MRIs) to rule out other problems

  • Electromyogram to examine nerve functioning and determine the location of the impacted nerve root

  • Myelogram with contrast dye to inspect and reveal abnormalities in the soft tissue and bones near the spine

The course of treatment depends on several factors, including the severity and location of the compressed nerve. The cause of disease onset may also affect the treatment plan. Treatment often involves:

  • Physical therapy to increase mobility or reduce pain

  • Medications such as corticosteroids for pain management

  • Surgical intervention to alleviate compression of the spinal canal

If you suspect you are suffering from myelopathy, book an appointment or call Premier NeuroSpine Institute today.  Our knowledgeable and experienced team of providers can help you establish a plan of action to address your health concerns so you can experience less spinal pain, better health and a higher quality of life.