Spondylolisthesis

 
 
 

What is spondylolisthesis?

Spondylolisthesis is a serious condition that occurs when a vertebra slips out of its natural alignment and onto the bone below it, leading to significant instability and discomfort. When this happens, it places extensive pressure on the nerves, causing intense lower back or nerve pain.

There are several types of spondylolisthesis, including:

  • Dysplastic spondylolisthesis - Caused by a vertebra defect

  • Isthmic spondylolisthesis - Occurs due to repetitive trauma and hyperextension

  • Degenerative spondylolisthesis - Caused by arthritic changes in joints

  • Traumatic spondylolisthesis - Occurs due to direct trauma

  • Pathologic spondylolisthesis - Caused by pathogenesis such as a tumor

What Are the Symptoms of Spondylolisthesis?

Symptoms of spondylolisthesis range in severity. Severe symptoms can lead to a substantial decrease in overall quality of life. The most common symptoms include:

  • Difficulty walking or standing

  • Pain that grows worse with physical activity

  • Mild to severe lower back pain

  • Hamstring tightness

  • Numbness or tingling sensation in the lower back

  • Stiffness when walking

  • Sciatic nerve pain

  • Change in bowel or bladder control

  • Radiating pain from the lower back to the thighs

In addition, some individuals experience a slipping sensation when readjusting into an upright position.

What Causes Spondylolisthesis?

There is no one specific cause for spondylolisthesis. However, a spondylolisthesis diagnosis occurs more frequently in:

  • Children with an acute injury or a congenital disability

  • Young athletes who participate in football, cheerleading, and weightlifting

  • Adults who have a degenerative spinal condition

  • Those with a family history of spondylolisthesis

  • Individuals born with thinner vertebrae

How Is Spondylolisthesis Diagnosed and Treated?

Spondylolisthesis is diagnosed by x-raying the spine to detect cracks, slipped vertebrae, or fractures. Additionally, doctors may use a CT scan or an MRI to assign a severity grade, assess the damage, and determine the appropriate course of treatment. Comprehensive treatment may include surgical and nonsurgical options:

  • Rest - For those with mild forms of spondylolisthesis, a doctor may advise the patient to avoid activities that stress the spine.

  • NSAID pain relievers - Ibuprofen and naproxen can decrease swelling and alleviate pain.

  • Physical therapy - Physical therapy can address tightness in the hamstrings and strengthen back and core muscles.

  • Back brace - Back braces limit spinal movement, allowing acute fractures to heal. This treatment option best suits acute cases that are likely to get better without surgery.

  • Surgical intervention - Some patients may require surgery to realign and fuse the shifted vertebrae. Surgery is often the most effective option for patients who experience severe pain that is not responsive to more conservative forms of treatment.

If you are suffering from pain or discomfort caused by spondylolisthesis, there is hope. Call or book an appointment with our team at Premier NeuroSpine Institute today. Our experienced providers will work with you to determine an appropriate course of treatment so you can enjoy better health and a higher quality of life.